This experiment takes advantage of density to create a rainbow in a glass. When you add sugar to a liquid, it causes the solution to become more dense. The more sugar you add, the more dense the solution is. Once you take 7 different colors of food coloring, you add them to the solutions with ascending density; so that they will float on top of each other.
If you have four different solutions that are all different colors and densities, the colors will layer on top of each other — the denser, more sugary solutions will sit on the bottom and the lightest will sit on the top.
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